5 Ways the Automotive Industry Can Use CNC Machining

Vincent Hua | Dec 07, 2022

Computerized numerical control (CNC) machining is a preferred manufacturing method for prototyping and producing specific automobile parts. Nowadays, many automotive supply chains rely on CNC machining services. The design, operational efficiency, and performance of vehicles have also improved thanks to cutting-edge technology like CNC machining.

CNC machining is an automated production technique in which factory machinery and equipment are operated and moved in response to instructions from computer software and codes. A wide assortment of sophisticated tools, such as lathes, grinders, mills, and CNC routers, are utilized to cut, shape, and fabricate various components and prototypes. CNC machining allows for simultaneous machining on several axes in response to a single set of commands.

CNC machining offers several operational benefits. For instance, compared with conventional machining or manual operations, CNC machining facilitates faster production times for medium-to-high-volume orders. It also streamlines the production process through automation. The computer-controlled process also delivers high-precision tolerances and supports repeatability and customization.

In this article, we look at 5 specific automotive part applications leveraging CNC machining technology.

Automotive engines have grown more sophisticated and complex, and manufacturing them requires compliance with tighter tolerances. The contemporary design elements and intricacies in the engine's components, like lubrication, induction and cooling systems, crank train, valve train, etc., necessitate a precise and efficient manufacturing process.

Several significant parts of a vehicle's combustion engine can be produced using CNC machining methods. For instance, we can machine a sizable block of a suitable metal alloy into an engine block, which is the metal framework that houses an engine's cylinders and allows for the movement of moving pistons.

The CNC machine must be programmed, which takes time and needs a high degree of expertise. But, once programmed, the CNC lathe machine can operate independently. Such programming supports machining several engine blocks without significantly increasing labor costs.

Moreover, with the increasing demand for electric vehicles, CNC machining effectively allows designers to prototype hybrid electric engine designs rapidly, with no other conventional method known to achieve better efficiency and lower cost.

CNC machining is compatible with materials used in lighting components such as acrylic glass or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). CNC machining enables manufacturers to cut intricate shapes out of a solid mass with no layering lines so that they can produce clear, smooth forms for head and tail lights with excellent light transmission. PMMA can be machined for interior lighting, backlight, and headlight applications. Even though the CNC machining of these acrylic components necessitates grinding and polishing for improved aesthetic value, the process is still quite speedy.

Such machining also enables auto manufacturers to prototype novel light fixtures and proof-of-concept designs and perform optical system development engineering tests for vehicles.

The second phase of a vehicle's transmission mechanism, the gearbox, comprises numerous shaft and gear systems that boost the vehicle's speed and torque. These components demand the application of a wide assortment of tools and operations with no compromise on the efficiency and dimensional accuracy aspects.

CNC machining offers an all-in-one solution by providing operations like CNC drilling, turning, and milling within one piece of equipment with great accuracy and reliability.

Cylinder heads, which shield IC engines, are manufactured mostly of readily machinable aluminum alloys. These components must be intricately designed and machined precisely per the engine dimensions.

The use of 5-axis CNC machining centers allows for an exceptionally broad selection of possible cutting tool angles. Additionally, it permits the fabrication of incredibly precise geometries with tighter tolerances. Similar CNC automotive parts with customized engine configurations, like brake system valves, alternator housings, and fuel pump systems, can also be machined.

The drive axle is another crucial, highly sophisticated component that allows the free vertical movement of the wheel assembly and rotational motion when the vehicle turns. It includes two half-axles joined to a wheel by a connection.

Thanks to CNC machining, precision automotive components like the bevel and hypoid gears used in the drive axle mechanism can be easily manufactured to offer better stability and a smoother ride.

Because of its high accuracy, reliability, and tight tolerance compliance, CNC automotive machining can be employed extensively in the prototyping and production of parts for the automotive sector. Automotive OEMs worldwide are figuring out more ways to optimize the utilization of this process to deliver superior quality products to their clients and end customers.

CNC machines are getting more advanced to improve productivity levels, carry out self-diagnostic tests, exhibit superior machinability, achieve compatibility with more materials, and much more. This way, they are expanding their automotive applications to a whole new level. Furthermore, the automation and shorter lead time characteristics of CNC machining make it even more lucrative for most manufacturing-intensive units within this sector.

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